Tuesday, April 23, 2013
non-preemptive scheduling, Dispatch latency,Turnaround time, Waiting time, Response time
Under non-preemptive scheduling, once the
CPU has been allocated to a process, the process keep the CPU until it release
the CPU either by terminating or by switching to waiting state.
Dispatch latency – time it takes for the dispatcher to
stop one process and start another running
Turnaround
time – amount of time to execute a particular process
Waiting time – amount of time a process has been waiting in the ready queue
Response time – amount of time it takes from when a request was submitted until
the first response is produced
Dispatch latency
Dispatch latency – time it takes for the dispatcher to
stop one process and start another running
non-preemptive scheduling
Under non-preemptive scheduling, once the
CPU has been allocated to a process, the process keep the CPU until it release
the CPU either by terminating or by switching to waiting state
FIFO and LIFO Methods
FIFO and LIFO Methods are
accounting techniques used in managing inventory and financial matters
involving the amount of money a company has tied up within inventory of
produced goods, raw materials, parts, components, or feed stocks. These methods
are used to manage assumptions of cost flows related to inventory, stock
repurchases (if purchased at different prices), and various other accounting
purposes.
Monday, April 15, 2013
**Basic principles of business. Or, What are the basic principles of business?
**Basic principles of
business.
Or, What are the basic
principles of business?
Business follows several distinctive principles. Those
are-
1.
Specific objective.
2.
Perfect organization structure.
3.
Proper planning.
4.
Optimum location.
5.
Optimum size.
6.
Good location.
7.
Financial solvency.
8.
Risk bearing capacity.
9.
Good human relation.
10. Efficient management.
Now short description of these principles is given
below-
1. Specific objectives:
Each and every business Should have specific objectives.
Because if business does not possess specific objectives then it will not be successful.
2. Perfect organization structure:
Organization combines various activities, employees
and departments. That is why business must have a perfect organization
structure.
3. Proper planning:
Planning is an important function of business, so to
be successful and profitable business must be well planned.
4. Optimum capital:
The major factor of production is capital. No business
activity can run without capital. So to manage optimum capital is an important
principle of business.
5. Optimum size:
Determining optimum size for the business is another
principle of business. Because the success of business largely depend on its
optimum size.
6. Good location:
To find out a proper location is essential for business.
Business location should be selected by considering present conditions and
forecasting future situations.
7. Financial solvency:
Each and every business takes the principle of financial
solvency. Because the business which have not enough solvency cannot operate
business actives effectively.
8. Risk bearing capacity:
All business involves risk and uncertainty. Because no
risk no gain. That is why more risk brings more profit.
9. Good human relation:
The overall success of business depends on good human
relation. That means there should a good relation among various parties
involved in the business.
10. Efficient management:
Efficiency is the fuel of success. The success of any
business depends on efficient management.
These
are the important principles of business.
**Write the Functions of business. Or, Discuss the various functions of business.
**Write the Functions of
business.
Or, Discuss the various
functions of business.
Business
is the combination of activities those have the motive for earning profit
through satisfying human needs and wants. To do this business performs several
distinctive activities. Those are as follows-
1.Planing
2.Production
3.Purchases
4.Financing
5.Accounting
6.Advertisement
and publicity
8.Warehousing
9.Distribution
10.Standardization
and grading
Now short description of these is given below-
1.Planing: The first and main function
is to make plan for production, distribution and financing activities. No
business can be successful without
proper planning.
2.Production: Production means the natural resources turning into main products that can solve the human
needs and wants problem. So production is an important function of business.
3.Purchase:The business organization has
to purchase raw materials and other equipments for production function and
other related functions. That means whatever the business size or type it must
be engaged in purchase.
4.Sales: The equity of products transfer
through sales. It is the only source of revenue of the business firm. The
success of business is related with the success of sales.
5.Financing: Money or capital is the
backbone of the business. Financing means collecting and investing capital in
the business operation. So it is an essential task of business.
6.Accounting: Accounting means record
the business transactions and determine the profit and loss, cost and revenue
etc. By this function the future forecasting of the business can be determined.
7.Advertisement and publicity: The
present world is the world of publicity. It is not possible to create customers
for the product with advertisement and publicity. And that is why publicity and
advertisement is essential for the business.
8.Warehousing: Warehousing is also an
important function of business, products are not sold at the time of
production, that means it needs to store.
9.Distribution: Ensuring the proper
distribution of produced goods and services
is also important function of business. Business perform this activity
by transportations.
10.Standardization and grading: Products
are standardized based on its quality, weight, size etc. and grading means
differentiate products into different categories.
From
the above discussion finally it can be said that these are the major function
of business.
**Why do we study business? Or Important of studying business.
**Why do we study
business?
Or Important of studying
business.
Business of the
combination of activities to earn profit. The study of business will help us to
increase our skills, sharpen our knowledge to understand business and economic
activities. The important of business can be discussed by the following-
1.Increasing
dependence on others.
2.International
opportunities.
3.Improving
standard of living.
4.Loping
with change
5.Preventing
misconceptions.
6.Creating
employment.
7.Dicision of labor
8.Utilization of resource.
Now short description of
these is given below-
1.Increasing dependence on others: Over
the years, people have become more and more dependent on others. The knowledge
of business is enchangingthe understanding of mutual dependence through
business.
2.International opportunities: In the 21st
century, it has become possible for everyone especially individuals educated in
business to take existing opportunities that will exist around the world.
3.Improving standard of living: Standard
of living indicates measure of how well a person or finally is doing in terms
of satisfying needs and wants with goods and services. And this is possible
through their knowledge of business.
4.Coping with change: As like as the
world itself, business is also dynamic always changing. Coping with both
predictable and unpredictable events we must have to study business.
5.Preventing misconceptions:
Understanding business also prevents us accepting misconceptions,
misinformation and inaccurate data as truths.
6.Creating employment: Business creates more and more employment
opportunities in various industries and trades for skilled as well as unskilled
workers.
7.Division of
labor: Division of labor implies the distribution of manpower in
a community for obtaining the maximum production and for improving the quality
of output.
8.Utilization of resource: A country’s
resources are used to produce goods and services that will meet the needs and
wants of people . By studying business we can easily know how to use properly
our resources.
So,
these are the importance of studying business.
What are the requisites for a successful business?
What are the requisites for a successful business?
To be successful a business must have to
fulfill several requisites. Those are as follows-
- Specific objectives.
- Proper planning.
- Adequate financing.
- Proper organization.
- Good relation between labor and management.
- Research and development.
- Publicity.
- Proper distribution system.
- Risk bearing capacity.
- Efficient management.
These are the requisites for a successful
business.
Write the advantages of business?
Write the advantages of business?
Business denotes human activities
which produce or acquire profit through buying and selling of goods. The advantages
of business are as follows-
- Free occupation.
- Increase wealth.
- Establish human relationship.
- Development of efficiency.
- Proper utilization of resources.
- Creating employment opportunities.
- Economic Development.
- Increasing standard of living.
- Increase research and invention.
- Social Service.
These are the advantages of business.
Importance and necessity of business. Or, Discuss the role of business in the socio-economic development.
Importance and necessity of business.
Or, Discuss the role of business in the socio-economic development.
The role of business is so important in the economic development and
social development. Now the importance of business in economic and social
development can be discussed by the following ways-
1. Economic importance’s:
The economic importance of business
includes the followings-
(i)
Proper utilization of
resources.
(ii)
Formation of capital.
(iii)
Increase Standard of living.
(iv)
Development of international
relation.
(v)
Social Advancement.
(vi)
Urbanization.
Now short description of these is given
below-
(i) Proper utilization of resources:
Business plays important role in the
economic development of a country by ensuring proper utilization of available
and natural resources.
(ii) Formation of capital:
Business collect and formate capital
and invest that in production activities, Business collect small amount of
money from different sources and then make it as capital.
(iii) Increase standard of living:
Business helps to increase standard
of living by creating employment opportunities and providing goods and services
according to needs and wants.
(iv) Development of international
relation:
One country is dependent on another
country. This dependency create inter national business, And international
business helps to make international relationship with one or more countries.
(v) Social Advancement:
Business also plays role in social
advancement and cuture advancement and it ultimately develop the economic
structure of a country.
(vi) Urbanization:
Urbanization is the result of
business, Because urban area develops with the development of business
activities.
So,
these are the economic importance’s of business.
2. Social Importance:
The social importance of business
includes the followings-
(i)
Supply of goods and services.
(ii)
Employment opportunity.
(iii)
Development of transportation.
(iv)
Division of labor.
(v)
Increase research and
Development.
Now Short description of these is given
below-
(i) Supply of goods and services:
Business provides goods and services
according to the needs and warts of customers. Demand of the consumers are
unlimited and business always try to fulfill this demand by supplying new goods
and services.
(ii) Employment opportunity:
Business creates large opportunities
of employment. Because with the development of business, commerce and industry
also increase. And it create large number employment opportunities.
(iii) Development of transportation:
Business plays important role in the
development of transportation of a country. Because business activities
requires transportation and communication.
(iv) Division of labor:
At present business activities
follows the principle of labor division. As a result all business activities
are divided in different division. And it helps to implement activities
properly.
(v) Increase research and
development:
Business helps to increase research
and development with the expansion of trade, commerce and industry, competition
also increase. To protect the competition and development activities.
So
these are the social importance’s of business.
Basic principles of business. Or, What are the basic principles of business?
Basic principles of business.
Or, What are the basic principles of business?
Business follows several distinctive
principles. Those are-
- Specific objective.
- Perfect organization structure.
- Proper planning.
- Optimum location.
- Optimum size.
- Good location.
- Financial solvency.
- Risk bearing capacity.
- Good human relation.
- Efficient management.
Now short description of these
principles is given below-
1. Specific objectives:
Each and every business Should have
specific objectives. Because if business does not possess specific objectives
then it will not be successful.
2. Perfect organization structure:
Organization combines various
activities, employees and departments. That is why business must have a perfect
organization structure.
3. Proper planning:
Planning is an important function of
business, so to be successful and profitable business must be well planned.
4. Optimum capital:
The major factor of production is
capital. No business activity can run without capital. So to manage optimum
capital is an important principle of business.
5. Optimum size:
Determining optimum size for the
business is another principle of business. Because the success of business
largely depend on its optimum size.
6. Good location:
To find out a proper location is
essential for business. Business location should be selected by considering
present conditions and forecasting future situations.
7. Financial solvency:
Each and every business takes the
principle of financial solvency. Because the business which have not enough
solvency cannot operate business actives effectively.
8. Risk bearing capacity:
All business involves risk and
uncertainty. Because no risk no gain. That is why more risk brings more profit.
9. Good human relation:
The overall success of business depends
on good human relation. That means there should a good relation among various
parties involved in the business.
10. Efficient management:
Efficiency is the fuel of success.
The success of any business depends on efficient management.
These
are the important principles of business.
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